SELECT 
  a.code, 
  b.state 
FROM 
  cscart_states as a 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_state_descriptions as b ON b.state_id = a.state_id 
  AND b.lang_code = 'en' 
WHERE 
  a.country_code = 'RU' 
ORDER BY 
  b.state

Query time 0.00093

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "207.00"
    },
    "ordering_operation": {
      "using_temporary_table": true,
      "using_filesort": true,
      "cost_info": {
        "sort_cost": "80.00"
      },
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "a",
            "access_type": "ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "cs",
              "country_code"
            ],
            "key": "cs",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "country_code"
            ],
            "key_length": "8",
            "ref": [
              "const"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 80,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 80,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "15.00",
              "eval_cost": "16.00",
              "prefix_cost": "31.00",
              "data_read_per_join": "8K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "state_id",
              "country_code",
              "code"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "b",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "state_id",
              "lang_code"
            ],
            "key_length": "9",
            "ref": [
              "cscart.a.state_id",
              "const"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 80,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "80.00",
              "eval_cost": "16.00",
              "prefix_cost": "127.00",
              "data_read_per_join": "61K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "state_id",
              "lang_code",
              "state"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

code state
ALT Altayskiy kray
AMU Amurskaya oblast
ARK Arkhangelskaya oblast
AST Astrakhanskaya oblast
BEL Belgorodskaya oblast
BRY Bryanskaya oblast
CE Chechenskaya Respublika
CHE Chelyabinskaya oblast
CHU Chukotskiy avtonomnyy okrug
CU Chuvashskaya Respublika
KHM Hanty-Mansiyskiy avtonomnyy okrug - Jugra
IRK Irkutskaya oblast
IVA Ivanovskaya oblast
YAN Jamalo-Neneckiy avtonomnyy okrug
KB Kabardino-Balkarskaya Respublika
KGD Kaliningradskaya oblast
KLU Kaluzhskaya oblast
KAM Kamchatskiy kray
KC Karachaevo-Cherkesskaya Respublika
KEM Kemerovskaya oblast
KHA Khabarovskiy kray
KIR Kirovskaya oblast
KOS Kostromskaya oblast
KDA Krasnodarskiy kray
KYA Krasnoyarskiy kray
KGN Kurganskaya oblast
KRS Kurskaya oblast
LEN Leningradskaya oblast
LIP Lipetskaya oblast
MAG Magadanskaya oblast
MOW Moscow
MOS Moskovskaya oblast
MUR Murmanskaya oblast
NEN Neneckiy avtonomnyy okrug
NIZ Nizhegorodskaya oblast
NGR Novgorodskaya oblast
NVS Novosibirskaya oblast
OMS Omskaya oblast
ORE Orenburgskaya oblast
ORL Orlovskaya oblast
PNZ Penzenskaya oblast
PER Permskiy kray
PRI Primorskiy kray
PSK Pskovskaya oblast
KRY Republic of Crimea
AD Respublika Adygeya
AL Respublika Altay
BA Respublika Bashkortostan
BU Respublika Buryatiya
DA Respublika Dagestan
IN Respublika Ingushetiya
KL Respublika Kalmykiya
KR Respublika Karelia
KK Respublika Khakasiya
KO Respublika Komi
ME Respublika Mariy Jel
MO Respublika Mordoviya
SA Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya)
SE Respublika Severnaja Osetija-Alanija
TA Respublika Tatarstan
TY Respublika Tyva
ROS Rostovskaya oblast
RYA Ryazanskaya oblast
SPE Saint Petersburg
SAK Sakhalinskaya oblast
SAM Samarskaya oblast
SAR Saratovskaya oblast
SEV Sevastopol
SMO Smolenskaya oblast
STA Stavropolskiy kray
SVE Sverdlovskaya oblast
TAM Tambovskaya oblast
TOM Tomskaya oblast
TUL Tulskaya oblast
TVE Tverskaya oblast
TYU Tyumenskaya oblast
UD Udmurtskaya Respublika
ULY Ulyanovskaya oblast
VLA Vladimirskaya oblast
VGG Volgogradskaya oblast
VLG Vologodskaya oblast
VOR Voronezhskaya oblast
YAR Yaroslavskaya oblast
YEV Yevreyskaya avtonomnaya oblast
ZAB Zabaykalskiy kray