SELECT 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id AS product_id, 
  cscart_seo_names.name AS seo_name, 
  cscart_seo_names.path AS seo_path 
FROM 
  cscart_seo_names 
WHERE 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id IN (
    786, 789, 792, 699, 777, 774, 781, 1024, 
    1025, 1028, 1050, 1051
  ) 
  AND cscart_seo_names.type = "p" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.dispatch = "" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru'

Query time 0.00050

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "30.21"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_seo_names",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY",
        "dispatch"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "object_id",
        "type",
        "dispatch",
        "lang_code"
      ],
      "key_length": "206",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 13,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 13,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "((`cscart`.`cscart_seo_names`.`object_id` in (786,789,792,699,777,774,781,1024,1025,1028,1050,1051)) and (`cscart`.`cscart_seo_names`.`type` = 'p') and (`cscart`.`cscart_seo_names`.`dispatch` = '') and (`cscart`.`cscart_seo_names`.`lang_code` = 'ru'))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "27.61",
        "eval_cost": "2.60",
        "prefix_cost": "30.21",
        "data_read_per_join": "22K"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "name",
        "object_id",
        "type",
        "dispatch",
        "path",
        "lang_code"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id seo_name seo_path
699 divan-uglovoy-denzel-formula 298/404/405
774 divan-uglovoy-levyy-bergamo 298/404/405
777 divan-uglovoy-krosbi 298/404/405
781 divan-uglovoy-pravyy-lesli 298/404/405
786 divan-argos 298/299/391
789 divan-denzel 298/299/391
792 divan-lesli 298/299/391
1024 zerkalo-avangard 399/400/401
1025 zerkalo-kassiya 399/400/401
1028 zerkalo-sharli 399/400/401
1050 kladochnaya-smes-granit-m-150-25kg-48sht-podd 417/429
1051 kladochnaya-smes-belaya-granit-m-1501-25-kg 417/429